“孟冬寒气至,北风何惨栗。”《中国天文年历》显示,11月7日18时45分迎来2022年“立冬”节气。
天象预报
立冬**——小雪**
太阳
在天秤座运行。目前太阳活动性不强,太阳正面有数群小黑子,可通过带减光的望远镜观测。
月亮
11月8日,一场罕见的月全食和月掩天王星同时登临夜幕。本次月全食初亏17:09,复圆20:49,中国东北和东部沿海区域可见月食全过程,其他地区可见带食而出。全食阶段会发生月掩天王星,我国不同地点的掩始时间会略有不同。
水星
由天秤座顺行至天蝎座,11月9日水星上合日,在太阳背后不可见。
金星
由天秤座顺行至天蝎座。金星位于在太阳附近,不可见。
火星
在金牛座逆行。火星与地球的距离快速减小,亮度在持续增加,夜晚7时左右升起,黎明前都可以观测。11月11日火星合月,地心所见火星在月球以南2.47度的地方,晚8点左右可见二者相伴出现在东方夜空。
木星
在双鱼座逆行。傍晚,明亮的木星位于东南方夜空,黎明前从西方落下。
土星
在摩羯座顺行。入夜位于南方天空,前半夜可以观测。
小知识
北京时间11月8日,今年第二次月全食将在夜幕中上演,这次月全食食分1.364,初亏的时间是17:09,食既18:17,食甚18:59,生光19:42,复圆20:49。这次月食在欧洲东北部、亚洲(除西南部)、印度洋东部、大洋洲、太平洋、北美洲、南美洲西部、北大西洋西部、北冰洋、南极洲极小部分可以看到。中国东部可见月食全过程,其他地区可见带食而出。
月全食总是发生在满月时期,由于月球本身不发光,当月球、地球、太阳运行到一条直线上,月球如果完全进入地球的本影,原本投射在月球上的太阳光被地球挡住,就会发生月全食。全食阶段的月球并非完全看不到,地球的大气层会把太阳光中波长较长的红光折射至月球表面,从而使月球呈现暗红色,也就是大家常说的“红月亮”。此时如果有人在月球正面,会发现太阳被地球完全遮住,从而出现日全食现象。并且月球上可以看到“黑色地球”的边缘被一圈红色光晕包裹,周围的天空则是一如既往的点缀着星星的黑色。
这次月全食还遇上了月掩天王星,可谓非常罕见。天王星亮度在5.6等左右,平时与明亮的月亮在一起时很难观测到。但是在本次月全食时期,月球的亮度变得很暗,借助望远镜,附近的天王星就可以观测了。对于南京地区来说,月掩天王星发生在19时10分,20点09分结束。在这一段时间之前和之后,借助天文望远镜可以看到红月亮与天王星相伴夜空,十分罕见。
The Beggining of Winter
The nineteenth solar term of 2022 , Beginning of Winter(Lidong in Chinese), falls on November 7th at 18:45, when the longitude of the Sun reaches 225º. This marks the arrival of winter. With the southing of cold air, the weather becomes colder, and the world goes into hibernation.
Astronomical Forecast
Beginning of Winter——Minor Snow
⊙
The Sun
✦
The Sun travels in Libra. Currently, solar activity is low, with a few groups of sunspots on its surface. They can be observed through a telescope with a solar filter.
☽
The Moon
✦
On November 8th, a rare total lunar eclipse and a lunar occultation of Uranus occur simultaneously. The first contact of the eclipse occurs at 17:09 and the last contact at 20:49. The full process can be seen in the northeast of China and the eastern coast of China. In other regions, the rising moon can be seen during the eclipse. A lunar occultation of Uranus takes place at the same time. The immersion time varies in different regions.
☿
Mercury
✦
Mercury travels in prograde motion from Libra to Scorpio. On November 9th, Mercury is at superior conjunction with the Sun. It is behind the Sun and invisible.
♀
Venus
✦
Venus travels in prograde motion from Libra to Scorpio. It is near the sun and hence is invisible.
♂
Mars
✦
Mars travels in retrograde motion in Taurus. Its distance to the Earth decreases rapidly and its magnitude rises continuously. It rises around 7 p.m in the evening. On November 11th, Mars is at conjunction with the Moon. Seen from the centre of the Earth, Mars is at 2.47º south of the Moon. At 8 p.m., they appear together in the eastern sky.
♃
Jupiter
✦
Jupiter travels in retrograde motion in Pisces. A bright Jupiter appears in the eastern sky at dusk and falls in the western sky before dawn.
♄
Saturn
✦
Saturn travels in prograde motion in Capricornus. In the evening, it appears in the southern sky and can be observed in the earlier portion of the night.
轮值主编:朱听雷
制作、编辑:王科超
英文版设计:朱曼清
(金陵中学)ZHU manqing